Wetlands
Definition
Wetlands are ecosystems where water saturation shapes soils and biota—marshes, swamps, bogs, fens, mangroves. They buffer floods, filter pollutants, store carbon, and support biodiversity. Mapping wetlands requires hydroperiod characterization, vegetation, soils, and elevation nuances.
Application
Conservation prioritizes protection and restoration; stormwater programs use wetlands to enhance water quality; fisheries and tourism rely on healthy wetland landscapes.
FAQ
How do wetlands mitigate climate risks?
They store carbon and attenuate storm surges; maintaining and restoring wetlands provides adaptation and mitigation co-benefits.
What threatens wetlands most?
Drainage, fill, pollution, altered flows, and invasive species; policies must address hydrologic connectivity, not just surface area.
How can remote sensing help track wetland health?
Time-series indices, SAR for inundation, and LiDAR for microtopography detect changes in extent, hydroperiod, and canopy condition.
What are best practices for community engagement?
Partner with local users, share accessible maps, and design projects that support livelihoods while protecting habitat.