Cross-Section Analysis
Definition
Cross-Section Analysis in GIS is a method used to extract and visualize elevation profiles along a defined line across terrain. It provides a side-view representation of vertical variation in the landscape, such as slopes, valleys, embankments, and other features of interest. Cross-sections are generated by sampling elevation data (e.g., from a DEM) at regular intervals along a linear path. This technique is especially valuable in engineering, hydrology, geology, and environmental science to study terrain behavior and structure.
Application
In civil engineering, cross-sections are used to design roads, pipelines, and tunnels, showing cut-and-fill requirements. Hydrologists use them to assess river profiles and floodplain depths. Environmental scientists study habitat elevation for conservation planning. In geology, cross-sections reveal fault lines, stratigraphy, and slope stability. GIS software can generate cross-sections automatically from elevation rasters and overlay them with land use or subsurface data. These outputs can be plotted in 2D charts or integrated into 3D models.
FAQ
1. What is the purpose of cross-section analysis?
To visualize terrain elevation changes along a path and analyze slope, relief, or structural characteristics.
2. What is the purpose of cross-section analysis?
Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), survey data, or LiDAR point clouds are typically used.
3. What is the purpose of cross-section analysis?
By defining a linear path and sampling elevation values at set intervals, then plotting those values in a vertical profile.
4. What is the purpose of cross-section analysis?
In engineering design, flood modeling, ecological research, mining, and geological mapping.