The Analytical Hierarchy Process is a structured decision-making method used to evaluate complex problems involving multiple criteria. It works by breaking a decision into a hierarchy of goals, criteria, and alternatives, then assigning weights through pairwise comparisons. AHP helps decision-makers systematically balance quantitative and qualitative factors, such as cost, risk, impact, and feasibility. The strength of AHP lies in transparency and consistency, making it easier to justify decisions and communicate reasoning to stakeholders. It is widely applied in planning, resource allocation, site selection, and policy evaluation where trade-offs must be clearly understood and documented.