Solar Energy Potential Mapping
Definition
Solar energy potential mapping estimates how much solar radiation a surface can convert to electricity or heat, accounting for latitude, atmosphere, slope, aspect, shading, panel orientation, and system losses. Methods combine clear‑sky models with weather records, LiDAR‑based roof geometry, and obstruction analysis from vegetation and buildings. Outputs include annual yield, seasonal variability, payback period, and carbon savings.
Application
Cities inventory rooftop PV potential to target incentives and streamline permitting. Developers screen utility‑scale sites for high insolation with minimal environmental conflict. Homeowners and businesses use parcel‑level apps to size systems. Grid planners anticipate distributed generation impacts on feeders and storage needs.
FAQ
How do you model shading accurately in dense urban cores?
Use high‑resolution LiDAR or photogrammetric meshes and simulate sun paths across the year. Dynamic shadows from trees can be approximated with canopy envelopes and leaf‑on/leaf‑off scenarios.
What losses beyond irradiance must be included to avoid optimistic yields?
Temperature derate, soiling, mismatch, inverter efficiency, wiring, and downtime. Local dust or snow regimes materially change annual output and should be parameterized.
How do bifacial panels change potential mapping?
They collect albedo from the rear; thus ground reflectance, row spacing, and mounting height affect yield. Include terrain‑aware albedo and rear‑side view factors in simulations.
What equity considerations belong in citywide solar maps?
Pair technical potential with income, credit access, and rental status to target community solar and inclusive financing so benefits reach underserved neighborhoods.
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