Landscape Metrics Mapping
Definition
Landscape metrics mapping quantifies the composition and configuration of land-cover or habitat patches—area, edge density, shape complexity, contagion, aggregation, and connectivity—and visualizes those metrics spatially. Metrics operate at multiple scales and are sensitive to classification choices and pixel size, so reproducibility and sensitivity tests are essential. The purpose is to move beyond a simple map of ‘green’ and ask whether habitat is clumped or fragmented, whether edges dominate, and where bottlenecks threaten movement or ecosystem services. Network-based metrics (betweenness, circuit flow) complement patch metrics by capturing functional connectivity. Interpreting metrics requires ecological understanding; more edges can aid some species while harming others.
Application
Conservation planners identify priority restoration areas where a small addition creates large connectivity gains. Urban designers balance block sizes, parks, and corridors to improve thermal comfort and walkability. Watershed managers relate fragmentation to sediment and nutrient export. Monitoring programs track how development or rewilding alters landscape structure over time.
FAQ
Which metrics are most robust across scales?
Patch area distributions and connectivity indices are generally more interpretable than highly formulaic shape metrics. Always report the grain and extent used.
Do metrics guarantee ecological function?
No. They are proxies. Pair metrics with field data—species presence, water quality, microclimate—to ensure patterns correspond to outcomes.
How can metrics guide limited budgets?
Use marginal benefit analyses to rank parcels or patches by improvement per dollar—for example, where a small corridor purchase unlocks large habitat access.
What pitfalls should be avoided?
Comparing metrics from maps with different classification schemes or resolutions. Standardize inputs and document decisions to maintain credibility.